You cannot check everything, and you do not need to. Most of an AI answer is connective prose that is neither true nor false — it is structure. The risk lives in four kinds of specific claim, and they are easy to spot because they look different from the words around them.
The four-item check
- 1
Dates
Any year, month, day or "since". Check against the organisation's own timeline or announcement. Models drift dates by a year or two constantly, and a wrong date on a rule or a price makes everything after it wrong too.
- 2
Numbers
Prices, percentages, counts, limits. Check against the vendor page, the official statistics release, or the document itself. Round numbers are a warning sign: real figures are rarely tidy.
- 3
Names
People, products, versions, organisations. Check that the person exists and holds the role, and that the product version is real. Models blend two real names into one plausible fake with ease.
- 4
Quotes
Anything in quotation marks attributed to someone. Search the exact phrase. If it appears nowhere but the AI answer, it was composed, not quoted — this is the most common and most damaging hallucination in professional use.
Practise on a paragraph
The paragraph below is a made-up press release. Ask the model to pull out every checkable claim and sort it by type — this is the step people skip, and it is the step that makes the rest fast.
Try it
Extract every checkable claim
| Type | Claims from the paragraph | Where to check |
|---|---|---|
| Dates | 14 August 2026; founded 2011; "early next year" | The company's own announcement or company register |
| Numbers | $3.2 million; third purchase; 47 staff; 12 depots | The announcement; the regulator's filing if listed |
| Names | Harbourline Logistics; Northgate Freight; Dana Whitfield, chief executive | Company register; the company's leadership page |
| Quotes | "double our regional capacity by early next year" | Search the exact phrase; it must appear in the source |
Knowledge check
An AI summary of a report includes: "The report found a 38% rise in complaints, and the author, Dr Elena Marsh, called it 'a system under real strain'." What do you check, in order?